skin care according to type and skin property

Normal skin
Skin care products should keep normal skin well moisturised without making it oily.
For facial skin, light oil in water-emulsions (cream containing more water than oil or lipids) are recommended during the day. During nighttime, an oil in water-emulsion containing more lipids may be beneficial.
For other body areas, oil in water-emulsions are also recommended.

Dry skin
In dry skin, moisturisers are used to increase the amount of lipids (fatty substances) in the horny layer, to reduce water loss and to soothe the skin. Water in oil-emulsions (mixtures with more oil/ lipids than water) should be preferred. The lipid film smoothes the cragged skin surface and prevents a further loss of water from the epidermis. Water-binding ingredients such as urea, lactic acid and glycerin enhance the hydrating effect of moisturisers and are recommended in dry skin.
Besides lipids, so-called lipid precursors are also recommended, as they are transformed into lipids in the skin. Lactic acid is such a lipid precursor, which is turned into ceramide (a special lipid or fatty substance of the epidermis).
Oil in water-emulsions may lead to an augmented water loss through evaporation and are therefore not recommended in this skin type, although they are often easier to apply than ointments.

Oily skin
Light oil in water-emulsions (more water than oil/ lipids) or oil-free fluids should be used. Products labeled “non-comedogenic” are recommended, as these products are less likely to cause comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) in persons with oily skin.
Water in oil-emulsions (containing more oils/ lipids than water) or rich ointments should be avoided in this skin type.

Combination skin
Combination skin demands special care, and it is often necessary to use two different moisturising products. The dry skin parts need water in oil-emulsions (more oil/ lipids than water) rich in lipids, whereas only oil in water-emulsions (more water than oil/ lipids) should be applied on the oily parts to prevent the clogging of pores and comedones.

Sensitive skin

In sensitive skin, the application of only few cosmetic products is recommended. These products should preferrably contain as few ingredients as possible. Cosmetic products containing potentially irritating or allergenic substances such as propylene glycol, derivates of cinnamon acid, formaldehyde, retinoids, salicylic acid and sodium laurylsulfate should be avoided as far as possible.

Mature skin
Most people over 60 years of age have dry skin. Persons with normal skin often develop dry skin when they reach their forties or fifties, in persons with oily skin, this shift to dry skin may occur even later.
In dry skin, moisturisers are used to increase the amount of lipids (fatty substances) in the horny layer, to reduce water loss and to soothe the skin. Water in oil-emulsions (mixtures with more oil/ lipids than water) should be preferred. The lipid film smoothes the cragged skin surface and prevents a further loss of water from the epidermis. Water-binding ingredients such as urea, lactic acid and glycerin enhance the hydrating effect of moisturisers and are recommended in dry skin.
Besides lipids, so-called lipid precursors are also recommended, as they are transformed into lipids in the skin. Lactic acid is such a lipid precursor, which is turned into ceramide (a special lipid or fatty substance of the epidermis).